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ted May 22,1883.

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. a similar brick for the corners.

UNITED VSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS FRINCE, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

BRICK-MOLD AND BRICK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 278,268, dated May 22,1883.

h Application tiled November 8, 1882. (No inodel) To ali whom 'it mayconcern Be it known that I, LOUIS PRINCE, a citizen ofthe United States,residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Brick Molds and Bricks; and I doherebydeelare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in brick-molds and bricks; and theobject is to produce a brick-mold in which the bricks are notliable tostick, as isfnow usually the case, and at the same time to form a brickhaving a tapering perforation through it, so that in forming WallsV aclear passage for air is left from bottom to top, thus preventingfrostfrom penetrating through the wall, and forming a non-conductingwall against heat,cold, dampness, &c., while at the same time producinga much lighter wall.

The invention consists in the construction and arrangement ofparts, aswill be more fully described hereinafter, and specifically pointed outin the claims, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings and theletters of rei'- erence marked thereon.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in the different figuresof the drawings, in which Figure lrepresents atop view ofthe mold.Fig.2isalongitudinal section on line mfr. Fig.

3 is a cross-section of a modication. Fig. 4 is a plan view of one ofthe bricks. Fig. 5 shows several bricks laid together. Fig. 6 is a viewof the covering or top brick. Fig. 7 is Fig. 8 is a vertical section ofpart of a wall. Fig. 9 is a view of a gage used in laying the bricks.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the frame of the mold, havingcross-pieces a, to which two straps or bars, B, of metal or othermaterial are secured and extending from end to end. The side pieces arepreferably bound with sheet metal to strengthen them. To thelongitudinal bars are secured backs b of the moldsin this instance sixbeing shown, although more or less may be used. The backs of the moldsare beveled off on their sides and ends and do'not quite ll themoldspace, but. leave a narrow opening, c, on all sides. rlhe object ofthis is to break the vacuum when the molds are filled with clay andpermit the access ot' air, by which the bricks will be forced out ofthemolds and the adhesion to them is prevented. rIhis is a very importantfeature of my invention, as it is well known in the state of the artthat many bricks .are lost or spoiled by the clay adhering tothe pins toform the proper width ot' opening c, as

shown in Fig. 3, between the back and the sides.

In constructinga wall it will be readily seen that o a continuouspassage or openingis formed when the.bricks are laid, and the nishing ortop course, which is formed of bricks D, having a concave depression,1'-, and at thecorners similar bricks, E, are placed, having a solidend, which is provided with small perfora.` tions k, so that the windpassing through them can createa constant circulation of air, created bv the draft through the upper row of bricks. Whenever it is desired tocross the bricks or form ties of them they are laid as shown in Fig. 5,and willalways form a continuous opening through the entire wall. Itwillbe readily understood that the size of the opening can be varied asdesired, it merely being of the proper size that the adjoining brickswith their openings communicate, and thus forma continuous passage forthe air.

In laying the bricks a gage or strip ofthe form shown at F, Fig. 9, isplaced over the openings e at the narrow ends and ofthe thickness of themortar, to prevent it entering into said openings.

The great advantages ot' my improved construction ot' brick-molds, aswell as bricks, will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art,and among some ofthem maybementioned, that the bricks or clay will notadhere to the molds, but will readily leave them without the IOO losscaused by breakage, Ste., the saving in material and cost of digging andmauipulating the clay will be greatly reduced; in drying a large amountof time will be saved, as also in burning them; the expense inhaulingand transportation, as well as handling, will be greatly reduced;the weight ot' the wall will he about two thirds ot' a wall builtofsolid brick,and is, therefore, much lighter; and with all this a wallwill be produced that will resist heat, cold, Campness, &c., muchbetter, and will obviate the furring out77 required in a solid wall.greatly reduced.l Y p I reserve to myself the righ t to make aseparateapplication for the bricks shown in Figs. (-and 7, and claim it therein,as I make no claim to the same in this application.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s-

1. A brick-mold consisting of a frame with a series of partitions andthe permanent backs.

i'orxning narrow openings e, as and for the purpose herein set forth.

The expense will of course be` greece 2. A brick-mold consisting of aframe with a series ofpartitions and permanent backs constructed to formopenings c, and provided wit-b tapering pieces d, substantially asspecitied.

3. A brick-mold consisting of a frame, A, provided with a series ofpartitions, a, to which the straps B are secured, in combination with aseries ot' backs, I), forming annular openings c, substantially7 asshown, and for the purpose described.

4. As a new article ofmanufacture,a brick, C, provided with a taperinghole, e, substantially as shown and specified.

5. A wall consisting of hollow bricks C, having tapering hole e, incombination with covl eri rig-bricks D and E,the latter provided withsolid ends and perforations lc, all arranged substantially as shown andspecified.

In testimony whereof I hereby aftix my signature in presence ot' twowitnesses.

LOUIS PRINCE.

\Vitnesses:

Unas. I. BAUR, LLOYD F. KELEHER.

